秦岭及其以北黄土区土壤地带性特征

目的土壤地带性研究,对揭示本区土壤地带性特点与关系,指导农林牧业协调发展具有理论和实践意义。方法利用野外考察和已有研究资料进行研究。结果秦岭山地的土壤秦岭山地的土壤垂直地带性是:褐土分布在海拔1300 m以下,山地棕壤分布在海拔1300~2500 m;山地暗棕壤分布在海拔2400~3100 m,山地草甸森林土分布在海拔3000~3400 m,亚高山草甸土分布在海拔3300~3767 m。秦岭以北黄土区的土壤水平地带性是:褐土分布在自秦岭北麓至北山,黑垆土分布在北山以北至长城沿线,栗钙土分布在长城沿线以北地区。结论土壤空间演替只要受水热条件的影响,通常在受海洋季风和湿润气候影响强烈的地区,土壤垂直地带性为水平地带性的缩影。而秦岭以北的黄土区,由于东南季风的影响减弱,大陆干燥气候影响增强而形成半干旱和干旱气候,地带性土壤以黑垆土和栗钙土为特征。

Features of soil zonalities on the Qinling mountainand its northern loess plateau region

Aim By the studies of soil zonalities in the region,the features and the relations of soil zonalities are announced and the coordinated growth of agriculture,forestry and animail husbandry is guided in theory and practice.Methods According to the field investigation and the studied data are used.Results Soil from the foot to the top of the Qinling mountain,Shaanxi,China are as follows:cinnamou sail is distributed below 1 300 m above sea level;mountaino brown foest soil 1 300 m to 2 500 m;mountain dark brown forest soil 2 400 m to 3 100 m;mountain meadow forest soil 3 000 m to 3 400 m;and subalpine meadow soil 3 300 m to 3 767 m,In the Loess Piateau region north of the Qinling mountain,cinnamon soil is distributed between the north foot of the Qinling mountain to the North mountain,dark loessial soil between the north of the North mountain to the Great Wall,chestnut soil appears the north of the Great Wall.Conclusion The space development of Soil mainly influenced by water and heat condnions.In regions strongly influenced by marltime monsoon and moist air current,the vertical zonality of soil coincides basically with horizontal zonality of soil.But in Loess Plateau region north of the Qinling mountain,the influence of martime climate is weak,there appeaers semi-arid and arid climate,dark loessial soil and chestnut soil deveIop,forming the features of special soil zonality.