The structure and reactivity of iron nitride complexes

The structure and reactivity of discrete iron nitride complexes is described. Six-coordinate, four-fold symmetric nitrides are thermally unstable, and have been characterized at cryogenic temperatures by an arsenal of spectroscopic methods. By contrast, four-coordinate, three-fold symmetric iron nitrides can be prepared at room temperature. A range of diamagnetic iron(IV) nitrides have been reported and in some cases, isolated. Among these are the isolable, yet reactive, tris(carbene)borate iron(IV) nitrides. These complexes can effect two-electron nitrogen atom transfer to a range of substrates, in some cases with complete atom transfer occuring through Fe-N bond cleavage. These nitrides are also active in single electron pathways, including the synthesis of ammonia by a mechanism involving hydrogen atom transfer to the nitride ligand. One-electron oxidation of a tris(carbene)borate iron(IV) nitride leads to an isolable iron(V) complex that is unusually reactive for a metal nitride.