Pd(0) complex of fuberidazole modified magnetic nanoparticles: A novel magnetically retrievable high-performance catalyst for Suzuki and Stille C-C coupling reactions |
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Authors: | Kheirollah Nouri Mitra Ghassemzadeh Farshid Mohsenzadeh Maryam Afsharpour |
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Affiliation: | Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Pajoohesh Blvd., 17th Km of Tehran–Karaj Highway, Tehran, 14968-13151 Iran |
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Abstract: | Fuberidazole has been successfully immobilized onto nano-Fe3O4 supported (3-chloropropyl)trimethoxysilane (3-CPTS) leading to a novel functionalized magnetic nanoparticle (FB/MNP). The Pd(0) complex, Pd-FB/MNP, was prepared by grafting Pd (OAc)2 on FB/MNP and subsequent reduction of a synthesized Pd (II) complex using NaBH4. Pd-FB/MNP has been characterized by FT-IR, SEM, TGA, XRD, ICP, EDS, BET and VSM. The Pd(0) complex proved to be an efficient phosphine- and halide-free recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for Suzuki as well as for Stille C-C coupling reactions showing high catalytic activity (up to 98%). Its catalytic activity in both reactions has been studied in PEG-400 as a green solvent. Besides, the selectivity of aryl iodide and aryl bromide over aryl chloride is observed during the C-C coupling reaction. The catalyst could be recovered easily from the reaction mixture using an external magnet device and recycled several times without considerable loss in activity. Additionally, the results of a palladium leaching test of the nano-catalyst demonstrate that no leaching of Pd took place during the C-C coupling process making the procedure environmentally friendly. |
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Keywords: | carbon–carbon coupling reactions magnetic nanoparticle Pd(0) complex of fuberidazole Stille reaction Suzuki reaction |
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