“三生空间”视角下乌鲁木齐市土地利用转型及生态环境效应分析

为探究如何优化乌鲁木齐市城镇化快速发展的资源配置方式,实现城市在“三生空间”视角下的可持续发展,本研究基于乌鲁木齐市1980—2020年（每10年一期,共5期）土地覆盖遥感影像数据,通过土地利用转移矩阵、生态环境质量指数、土地利用转型生态贡献率和InVEST模型估算生境质量等方法,定量分析了乌鲁木齐市土地利用功能转型及生态环境效应。结果表明：(1)乌鲁木齐市生态空间被持续压缩,生活空间持续增加,而生产空间则经历了先增加后减少的倒“V”型变化趋势。(2)乌鲁木齐市土地利用功能转型主要表现为草地生态空间与生产、生活空间之间的相互转化。(3)乌鲁木齐市生态环境质量指数持续下降,草地转变为其他生态空间是使乌鲁木齐市生态环境质量恶化的主要原因。(4)乌鲁木齐市的生境质量水平持续下降,草地、水域生态空间转化为其他生态空间是生境质量下降的主要原因。可见：土地利用转型会对生态环境质量产生巨大影响,研究结果可为乌鲁木齐市生态持续改善提供保障,同时还能为协调新疆土地资源的可持续利用和生态环境保护提供借鉴。

Land use function transformation in the Urumqi based on ecological-production-living spaces and associated eco-environment effects

In order to explore the resource optimization allocation method for the rapid development of urbanization in Urumqi and achieve sustainable development of the city from the perspective of "ecological-production-living spaces", this study is based on remote sensing image data of land cover in Urumqi from 1980 to 2020 (every 10 years, a total of 5 periods). Methods such as land use transfer matrix, ecological environment quality index, land use transformation ecological contribution rate, and InVEST model are used to estimate habitat quality, Quantitative analysis was conducted on the transformation of land use functions and ecological environmental effects in Urumqi city. The results indicate that: (1) the ecological space in Urumqi continues to be compressed, The living space continues to increase, while the production space undergoes an inverted "V" shaped trend of first increasing and then decreasing. (2) The transformation of land use function in Urumqi mainly manifests in the mutual transformation between grassland ecological space and production and living space. (3) The ecological environment quality index in Urumqi continues to decline, and the transformation of grasslands into other ecological spaces is the main reason for the deterioration of the ecological environment quality in Urumqi. (4) The level of habitat quality in Urumqi continues to decline, with the conversion of grassland and water ecological spaces into other ecological spaces being the main reason for the decline in habitat quality. It can be seen that land use transformation will have a huge impact on the quality of the ecological environment. The research results can provide guarantees for the sustainable improvement of the ecology in Urumqi City, and also provide reference for coordinating the sustainable use of land resources and protecting the ecological environment in Xinjiang.