Bioactive PKS–NRPS Alkaloids from the Plant-Derived Endophytic Fungus Xylaria arbuscula |
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| Authors: | Ya Wang Sinan Zhao Tao Guo Li Li Tantan Li Anqi Wang Dandan Zhang Yanlei Wang Yi Sun |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanhzou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (S.Z.);2.Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100010, China; (T.L.); (A.W.); (D.Z.); (Y.W.);3.School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China;4.Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100010, China; |
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| Abstract: | A novel hybrid PKS–NRPS alkaloid, xylarialoid A (1), containing a 13-membered macrocyclic moiety and 5,5,6] fused tricarbocyclic rings, together with ten known cytochalasins (2–11), was isolated from a plant-derived endophytic fungus, Xylaria arbuscula. The chemical structures of all compounds were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR, HR ESIMS spectroscopic analyses, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation. Compounds 1–3 and 10 exhibited significant antitumor activities against A549 and Hep G2 cell lines, with IC50 values of 3.6–19.6 μM. In addition, compound 1 showed potent anti-inflammatory activity against LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells (IC50, 6.6 μM). |
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| Keywords: | Xylaria arbuscula PKS– NRPS hybrids cytotoxicity anti-inflammatory activity |
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