Phytotoxic metabolites by nine species of Botryosphaeriaceae involved in grapevine dieback in Australia and identification of those produced by Diplodia mutila,Diplodia seriata,Neofusicoccum australe and Neofusicoccum luteum |
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| Authors: | Pierluigi Reveglia Sandra Savocchia Regina Billones-Baaijens Marco Masi Alessio Cimmino |
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| Institution: | 1. National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia;2. Department of Chemical Sciences, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy;3. Department of Chemical Sciences, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Botryosphaeria dieback is one of the main trunk diseases of grapevine caused by several species of Botryosphaeriaceae. Twenty-four fungal isolates representing the eight most widespread and most virulent Botryosphaeriaceae were tested for their ability to produce phytotoxic metabolites. The chromatographic profiles of their culture filtrates organic extracts showed the ability of all isolates to produce several and different metabolites. When tested on grapevine leaves and tomato cuttings the organic extracts phytotoxicity varied among isolates and species. To our knowledge, this is the first study on phytotoxic compounds produced by Botryosphaeriaceae species found in Australian vineyards. The phytotoxic metabolites produced by Diplodia seriata, Diplodia mutila, Neofusicoccum australe and, for the first time, by Neofusicoccum luteum were isolated and chemically identified essentially by spectroscopic methods. 
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| Keywords: | Grapevine Botryosphaeria dieback Australian vineyards fungal phytotoxins melleins tyrosol |
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