State of water in sulfonated poly(vinyl fluoride) membranes: an FTIR study |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Group, Global Research Center for Environmental and Energy based on Nanomaterials Science (GREEN), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan;2. Hydrogen Production Materials Group, Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, NIMS, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan;1. Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Garching, Germany;2. Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universita'' degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy;3. Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia, Universita'' degli Studi di Salerno, Italy;4. Technische Universität München, Forschungsneutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz FRM II, Garching, Germany;1. Department of Marine Mechanical Engineering, R.O.C Naval Academy, No. 669, Junxiao Rd., Zuoying District, Kaoshiung City 813, Taiwan, ROC;2. Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Taiwan, ROC;3. School of Defense Science, Chung Cheng Institute of Technology, National Defense University, Taiwan, ROC;4. Department of Applied Science, R.O.C. Naval Academy, No. 669, Junxiao Rd., Zuoying District, Kaoshiung City 813, Taiwan, ROC |
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| Abstract: | The state of water in new types of polymer-based proton conductors has been characterized by FTIR spectroscopy. The materials were produced by sulfonation of poly(vinyl fluoride) (PVF) films with chlorosulfonic acid after electron beam or proton irradiation or without any preirradiation. Spectra in the O–H and O–D stretching regions and in the H–O–H (D–O–D) bending region were analyzed in terms of frequency position and relative intensity of the various components. We found that the state of water in the sulfonated PVF membranes (PVF–SA) membranes differs significantly from that of the bulk water, and both hydrogen-bonded and non-hydrogen-bonded water molecules were detected. It is also found that the materials display the presence of a large number of proton complexes such as H3O+ or H5O2+. The study demonstrates furthermore that proton irradiation makes the material more hydrophilic than electron irradiation, which can be explained by the different nature of the irradiation effects. |
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