Giant molecules:where chemistry,physics,and bio-science meet

This feature article focuses on the recent development of giant molecules,which has emerged at the interface among chemistry,physics,and bio-science.Their molecular designs are inspired by natural polymers like proteins and are modularly constructed from molecular nanoparticle building blocks via sequential "click" chemistry.Most important molecular parameters such as topology,composition,and molecular weight can be precisely controlled.Their hierarchical assembly reveals many features reminiscent of both small molecules and proteins yet unusual for conventional synthetic polymers.These features are summarized and compared along with synthetic polymers and proteins.Specifically,examples are given in each category of giant molecules to illustrate the characteristics of their hierarchical assembly across different length,time and energy scales.The idea of "artificial domain" is presented in analogy to the structural domains in proteins.By doing so,we aim to develop a rational and modular approach toward functional materials.The factors that dominate the materials functions are discussed with respect to the precision and dynamics of the assembly.The complexity of structure-function relationship is acknowledged,which suggests that there is still a long way to go toward the convergence of synthetic polymers and biopolymers.