CoMFA and CoMSIA studies on 1,3-bis(benzylidene)-3,4-dihydro-1H-naphthalen-2-one, 2,6-bis(benzylidene)cyclohexanone, and 3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidone series of cytotoxic compounds

A number of 1,3-bis(benzylidene)-3,4-dihydro-1H-naphthalen-2-ones, 2,6-bis(benzylidene)cyclohexanones, and 3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidones possess significant potencies toward L1210, Molt 4/C8, and CEM cell lines. The objective of the current 3D QSAR study is to discover some of the structural parameters which govern cytotoxic potencies. The CoMFA models with steric and electrostatic fields provided satisfactory statistical data [(r2cv = 0.485, r2ncv = 0.834, r2pred = 0.591), (r2cv = 0.532, r2ncv = 0.850, r2pred = 0.729), and (r2cv = 0.561, r2ncv = 0.864, r2pred = 0.666)] in regard to the cytotoxic potencies observed toward L1210, Molt 4/C8, and CEM cell lines, respectively. The CoMSIA model with steric, electrostatic, hydrophobic, and H-bond donor fields exhibited r2cv = 0.513, r2ncv = 0.833, and r2pred = 0.562 for cytotoxic activity toward L1210 cells, while the best CoMSIA models were obtained by a combination of steric, electrostatic, and hydrophobic fields which yielded statistically significant data [(r2cv = 0.531, r2ncv = 0.828, r2pred = 0.652) and (r2cv = 0.560, r2ncv = 0.841, r2pred = 0.729)] to explain the cytotoxicity toward Molt 4/C8 and CEM cells, respectively. The information obtained from the CoMFA and CoMSIA 3D contour maps can be used in the design of more potent cytotoxins.