利用摩擦纳米发电机的流体能量俘获研究新进展

环境中的流体 (包括气体和液体) 动能是十分丰富且重要的清洁能源之一, 流体能量可通过不同的能量俘获技术 (电磁发电技术、压电能量俘获技术) 被转化为电能并供人们使用. 自2012年王中林研究团队发明摩擦纳米发电机 (triboelectric nanogenerator, TENG) 以来, TENG已成为了最重要的能量, 俘获技术之一, 并应用于流体能量俘获研究中. 论文综述了当前用于流体能量俘获的摩擦纳米发电机 (fluidic energy harvesting TENG, FEH-TENG) 的研究现状. 介绍了 FEH-TENG 中摩擦电材料之间的电荷转移原理以及基本的工作模式. 在气流动能俘获方面, 流致振动 (如涡激振动、驰振、颤振和尾流驰振等)是一种有效的将流体动力转化为机械能的物理机制, 基于该机制, 总结了FEH-TENG在风能和流致振动能量俘获中的研究进展以及各类能量俘获结构. 液体动能俘获方面总结了 FEH-TENG 在波浪和雨滴能量俘获中的研究进展. 介绍了基于 FEH-TENG的混合能量俘获系统和摩擦电材料优化在提升FEH-TENG流体能量俘获效率方面的研究. 接着介绍了FEH-TENG在不同领域中的应用. 最后讨论了目前 FEH-TENG 在流体能量俘获中存在的问题并提出了一些展望. 论文工作有助于推动FEH-TENG在流体能量俘获领域的发展以及促进相关研究人员对该领域的认识. 

PROGRESSION ON FLUID ENERGY HARVESTING BASED ON TRIBOELECTRIC NANOGENERATORS

The fluid mechanical energy including air kinetic energy and liquids kinetic energy in the environment is one of the most abundant and important clean energy. Through different energy harvesting technologies such as electromagnetic power generation technology and piezoelectric energy harvesting technology, the aforementioned clean fluid energy can be successfully converted into electrical energy and used by human. Since the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) was invented in 2012 year from the research lab leaded by Zhonglin Wang, the triboelectric nanogenerator has become one of the most important energy harvesting technology and has been applied to fluid mechanical energy harvesting. This paper comprehensively reviews the current research status of energy harvesting by fluidic energy harvesting TENG (FEH-TENG). The principle of charge transfer between triboelectric materials in FEH-TENG and the basic working mode is introduced. On harvesting air kinetic energy, as the mechanism of Flow induced vibrations (such as vortex-induced vibration, gallop, flutter, and wake galloping, etc.) can effectively transfer fluidic energy into mechanical energy, which is quite proper in designing the energy harvesting structure, in this work, the research progress and various energy harvesting structures of FEH-TENG in wind energy and flow-induced vibration energy harvesting are summarized. In the aspect of liquid kinetic energy harvesting, the research work of FEH-TENG utilized in wave and raindrop energy harvesting is also summarized. Furthermore, the research progress of the hybrid energy harvesting system based on FEH-TENG and optimization of triboelectric materials in improving the energy harvesting efficiency of FEH-TENG has been summarized. Then, the application of FEH-TENG in different engineering fields is introduced. Finally, the current existing problems of the FEH-TENG while collecting the fluid mechanical energy in harvesting are discussed and some perspectives for the future development of FEH-TENG are provided. This work is helpful to promote the development of FEH-TENG in the research fields of fluid mechanical energy harvesting and promote the understanding of relevant researchers in this research fields.