Flux growth of ZnO crystals doped by transition metals |
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| Authors: | Zdeněk Sofer David Sedmidubský Štěpán Huber Jiří Hejtmánek Miroslav Maryško Karel Jurek Martin Mikulics |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic;2. Institute of Physics of the ASCR, v.v.i., 162 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic;3. Institute of Bio- and Nanosystems (IBN-1), Research Centre Jülich, Germany;4. Jülich–Aachen Research Alliance, JARA, Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Jülich, Germany |
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| Abstract: | ZnO crystals doped with Cr, Mn, Fe and Co were grown by the flux method. The prepared crystals revealed no phase separation detectable by X-ray diffraction. Structure properties were characterized by Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy. For ZnO:Co, Mn and Cr, no spontaneous ferromagnetic moment was observed up to T=2 K whereas for the ZnO:Fe crystals the m(H) curves suggest the existence of 5 nm superparamagnetic iron clusters. At low temperatures the m(H) curves can be interpreted as a superposition of major paramagnetic and minor antiferromagnetic contribution. The paramagnetic part corresponds to the presence of Co2+, Fe3+, Mn2+ ions and small Cr atom clusters. |
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