铜粒子负载泡沫基相变复合材料的制备与性能

以三聚氰胺泡沫(MF)经高温碳化后制得的碳泡沫(CF)为基体， 以氯化铜(CuCl₂)和水合肼(N₂H₄·H₂O)溶液为前驱体, 利用氧化还原反应在泡沫骨架上生成铜粒子, 然后通过真空浸渍法将聚乙二醇(PEG)封装在基体中制得相变复合材料. 利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 X射线衍射仪(XRD)、 差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和红外热成像仪等研究了相变复合材料的形貌、 结构和热性能. 结果表明, 当CuCl₂浓度为1.0 mol/L时, Cu粒子均匀致密地沉积在CF骨架表面, 制得的相变复合材料在具备良好密封性能的前提下, 相变潜热可高达145.2 J/g, 热效率超过80%, 光热转换效率达到83.8%, 且呈现出优异的储热能力和调温性能. 本文为制备综合性能优异的相变复合材料提供了一种策略, 有利于拓宽相变复合材料的应用领域.

Preparation and Properties of Cu Particles Loaded Foam-based Phase Change Composites

The carbon foam（CF） was made from melamine foam（MF） through high temperature carbonization， and was utilized as supporting matrix. The copper particles were deposited on the foam skeleton by redox reaction with copper chloride（CuCl₂） and hydrazine hydrate（N₂H₄·H₂O） as precursors. Subsequently， polyethylene glycol（PEG） was encapsulated into the matrix to fabricate phase change composites by vacuum impregnation method. The structural morphology and thermal properties of the fabricated phase change composites were studied by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）， X-ray diffraction（XRD）， differential scanning calorimetry（DSC） and Infrared thermal imager. The results showed that the Cu particles were uniformly and densely deposited on the skeleton surface of CF when the concentration of CuCl₂ solution was 1.0 mol/L. The fabricated phase change composite demonstrated good leakage-proof property， the phase change latent heat was as high as 145.2 J/g， the thermal efficiency was higher than 80%， and the photo-thermal conversion efficiency reached up to 83.8 %， which exhibiting excellent heat storage capacity and temperature regulation performance. This paper provides a strategy for the fabrication of phase change composites with excellent comprehensive performances， which is conducive to broaden its applications.