Oxidation of benzalkonium chloride by gamma irradiation: kinetics and decrease in toxicity |
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| Authors: | Zibin Xu Xue Zhang Nan Huang Hong-ying Hu |
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| Institution: | 1.Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing,People’s Republic of China;2.Shenzhen Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, Graduate School at Shenzhen,Tsinghua University,Shenzhen,People’s Republic of China;3.Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing,People’s Republic of China;4.Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute,Shenzhen,People’s Republic of China |
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| Abstract: | The gamma degradation of toxic non-oxidizing biocide dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) was investigated. The degradation of DDBAC achieved 70–100% depending on the initial concentration and the absorbed dose, but only 10–33% dissolved organic carbon was removed. The presence of NO3 ?, HCO3 ?, 2-propanol and tert-butanol inhibited the degradation of DDBAC. The DDBAC degradation rate constant ratios of ·OH, ·H and e aq ? was calculated as 7.4:1.4:1. The acute toxicity of 10 mg L?1 DDBAC was removed by 60% at absorbed doses of 0.5–3.0 kGy. The results showed that gamma irradiation was effective to remove DDBAC and its toxicity. |
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