Slip flow of non-plasticized PVC compounds |
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Authors: | W Knappe E Krumböck |
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Institution: | (1) Institut für Kunststoffverarbeitung, Montanuniversität Leoben, A-8700 Leoben, Österreich;(2) Chemie Linz AG, A-4020 Linz, Austria |
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Abstract: | Measurements on seven rigid PVC compounds were carried out with a slit rheometer working in combination with an injection moulding machine. Plastication of the compounds occurred in the screw of the plastication unit, which also forced the melt through the die with a controlled forward velocity. The rectangular slit had a length of 90 mm and a widthB of 20 mm. The heightH could be varied between 0.8 and 3.3 mm. Pressures and temperatures were recorded at several positions in and before the die. Measurements were carried out at shear rates from 10 to 2000 s–1.When the reduced volume output
was plotted against the wall shear stress
W
, only four compounds showed master curves independent ofH, which is indicative of wall adhesion. In the other cases this plot did not produce such a master curve, but the plot of the mean velocity
against
W
was independent ofH (slip curve). This indicated that slip flow prevailed with a slip velocityv
G
When, in the case of wall slip, the smooth inner surfaces of the die were replaced by surfaces with grooves perpendicular to the direction of flow, slip flow was prevented and the flow curves
were shifted to much higher values of
Wc
Above a critical value of the wall shear stress (
Wc
) at which slip flow began, the output became nearly independent of
W
. From the measurements made below
Wc
a vs.
relation for the shear flow could be derived, which was used to calculate the superimposed shear flow
. Exact values of the slip velocity were then given by
. Wall slip only occurred for compounds with a high shear viscosity, which corresponds to a high molecular weight (K-value).Dedicated to Professor H. Janeschitz-Kriegl on the occasion of his 60th birthday. |
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Keywords: | Slip flow PVC compound injection moulding grooved die surface master curve |
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