ESR and ESR microscopy in geosciences and radiation dosimetry

ESR and its microscopic imaging (microscopy) have found new applications in interdisciplinary fields related with geosciences and with radiation dosimetry. Geological, archaeological and forensic dating has been made through paleo-dosimetry of natural radiation and chemical reactions of both radical formation and valency changes. ESR microscopy, especially the simple scanning method has a potentiality to be used in various fields. New applications of ESR are briefly reviewed with some examples.