不相溶系统内酸碱中和反应驱动动力学的不稳定性

采用含Mach-Zehnder干涉光路和Hele-Shaw反应器的实验系统，研究了重力场作用下，在Hele-Shaw系统内沿水平界面发生的由酸碱中和反应驱动的动力学不稳定性.反应器内包含上下两层反应物，即下层密度较大的四甲基氢氧化铵水溶液和上层密度较小的溶解于有机相的丙酸溶液. 研究了在伴随有界面传质的中和反应过程中，化学组分对于动力学不稳定性的影响. 观察发现了由于反应物初始浓度不均引起的多种形式的Marangoni对流结构，包含有胞状结构和各种震动波形式的结构.测量了不稳定性发生过程中碱溶液的浓度. 结果表明不稳定性对流的产生可以显著提高系统内的传质效率，并造成传质结构的剧烈变形.

Hydrodynamic Instabilities Driven by Acid-base Neutralization Reaction in Immiscible System

The hydrodynamic instabilities driven by an acid-base neutralization reaction, in contact along a plane interface, placed in a Hele-Shaw cell under the gravitational field are reported.The system consists of the heavier aqueous tetramethyle-ammonium hydroxide below the lighter layer of organic phase with propionic acid as reacting specie. The effect of chemical composition on hydrodynamic instabilities during interfacial mass transfer accompanied by a neutralization reaction is investigated. Depending on the initial concentration of the reacting species, Marangoni convection in the form of roll cells or trains of waves is observed. Mach-Zehnder interferometer is used to measure the change in base concentration at the time of instability formation. The results show that the instabilities resulted from the convection flow are more efficient to the mechanism of mass transfer and can drastically alter pattern formation in the system.