Use of capillary electrophoresis for characterisation of vinyl‐terminated Au nanoprisms and nanooctahedra

It is described a simple, rapid and efficient methodology to characterise and separate gold nanoprisms and nanooctahedra by capillary electrophoresis. This technique is suitable to distinguish between morphologies and it can be used as a powerful separation tool after a customised synthesis of both structures. This synthesis was carried out by amending two parameters, temperature and pH, and a sharp decrease was found in nanotriangles when temperature was increased from 70 up to 95°C. However, when the synthesis was performed at a given temperature, an increase in pH did not promote an important change in isolation of any structure until pH = 9.5, critical in the final morphology of the nanoparticle. Gold nanoprisms and nanooctahedra were successfully separated by capillary electrophoresis according to differences in charge‐to‐mass ratio of the morphologies. Final particle morphology was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy analysis. Under optimal working conditions, a mixture containing both shapes of gold nanoparticles was initially injected and two major peaks were obtained for each structure. Capillary electrophoresis allowed to study pH and temperature influence on both morphologies. It was inferred that the ratio between triangles and octahedra decreased to a great extent when increasing both temperature and pH.