Effect of different electrolytes on the swelling properties of calyx[4]pyrrole-containing polyacrylamide membranes |
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Authors: | Artur JM Valente Abílio JFN Sobral Sílvia Patachia Victor MM Lobo |
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Institution: | a Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal b Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain c Department of Chemistry, “Transilvania” University of Brasov, 29 Eroilor Str., 500036 Brasov, Romania |
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Abstract: | Calix4]pyrrole (1) was synthesized and characterized and this macrocycle was incorporated in polyacrylamide gels. The presence of meso-octamethyl-porphyrinogen inside of gel was checked using infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and swelling studies. The swelling degree of these hydrogels in equilibrium with different electrolytes (NaCl, LiCl, KCl, CaCl2 and AlCl3) was measured in a concentration range 0.1-0.5 mol dm−3. Although no significant alterations in the swelling degree can be found for the different 1:1 electrolytes, when the cation charge of unsymmetrical electrolytes increases, the gel swells in a significant way. This swelling process is enhanced by the presence of calyx4]pyrrole. The effect of alkaline hydrolysis of polaycrylamide-based hydrogels was also studied. The hydrolysed hydrogels collapse in the presence of the electrolytes; this behavior is dependent on the hydrolysis degree, electrolyte charge and calyx4]pyrrole presence and concentration; the latter leads to polyacrylamide with tailor-made properties. |
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Keywords: | Hydrogels Polyacrylamide Calyx[4]pyrrole Swelling degree Hydrolysis |
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