On the measurement of gold nanoparticle sizes by the dynamic light scattering method |
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Authors: | B N Khlebtsov N G Khlebtsov |
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Institution: | (1) Departments of Colloid and Environmental Chemistry, University of Debrecen, 4010, Egyetem ter 1, Debrecen, Hungary;(2) TVK Chemical Works, 3581 Tiszaujvaros, Hungary;(3) ElizaNor Polymer LLC, 1 Woodmeadow Lane, Princeton Junction, NJ 88550, USA;(4) Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Debrecen, 4010, Egyetem ter 1, Debrecen, Hungary;(5) BBS Nanotechnology Ltd, 16. P.O.Box 12, 4225 Debrecen, Hungary; |
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Abstract: | The application of the dynamic light scattering (DLS) method for determining the size distribution of colloidal gold nanoparticles
in a range of 1–100 nm is discussed. It is shown that rotational diffusion of nonspherical strongly scattering particles with
sizes of larger than 30–40 nm results in the appearance of a false peak in a size range of about 5–10 nm. In this case, the
uncritical application of the DLS method may yield particle volume or number size distributions different from those obtained
by transmission electron microscopy. For weakly scattering particles with diameters of smaller that 20 nm, the DLS method
demonstrates an additional peak of intensity distribution in the region of large sizes that is related to particle aggregates
or byproduct particles rather than individual nanoparticles. Practical methods for solving the problem of false peaks are
discussed. It is established that the width of the DLS distribution does not correspond to transmission electron microscopy
data and is overestimated. The advantages and drawbacks of the methods are compared and it is noted that, at present, the
DLS method is the only instrument suitable for nonperturbative and sensitive diagnostics of relatively slow aggregation processes
with characteristic times on the order of 1 min. In particular, this method can be used to diagnose gold nanoparticle conjugate
aggregation initiated by biospecific interactions on their surface. |
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