原油组分低温氧化机理和反应活性实验研究

分析了原油和原油组分低温氧化的机理,通过实验进行了不同油品低温氧化反应,考察了氧化反应前后原油族组成的变化,并研究了单组分(正十六烷、蜡、蒽、沥青质)在不同温度下的低温氧化速率和反应活性,得出了不同原油组分的低温氧化反应的活化能。结果表明,稠油较轻质油有更好的氧化反应活性,在较低温度下稠油更容易被氧化,原油中不同组分及含量是影响氧化反应活性和氧化反应速率的重要因素,重组分的沥青质和长链烷烃在低温下(70~90℃)氧化活性较高,正十六烷和蒽反应活性较之重组分低。揭示了原油组分低温氧化反应机理以及不同组分氧化反应活性的区别,为油田注空气工艺方案设计提供基础。

Experimental study of low temperature oxidation mechanism and activity of oil components

Laboratory experiments and reaction kinetics analysis were conducted to reveal the mechanisms of low temperature oxidation (LTO) reaction of crude oil and oil components in the temperature range from 70 to 120℃. SARA(saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes)analysis was conducted to study the variations of different oil components before and after LTO reaction. The experiments using pure oil components (i.e. n-hexadecane, wax, anthracene and asphaltenes) were preformed to investigate the oxidation activity of different oil components. At low temperatures (70~90℃), light oil compounds (n-hexadecane and anthracene) can be more resistible to the oxidation than heavy asphaltenes and wax. The activation energies of the various components LTO reactions calculated based on the experimental results show that the heavy components, having a relative low activation energy, can be more easily subjected to low temperature oxidation than the light HC components. Heavy oil exhibits a higher oxidation activity than light oils in the LTO reaction, which also means that the heavy oil components is more easily oxidized at low temperatures. The experimental results can provide a basis for the air injection process design in oilfields.