Growth and physical properties of an organic crystal for NLO applications: Guanidinium phenyl arsonate (GPA)

Single crystals of organic material guanidinium phenyl arsonate (GPA) of size 28 × 14 × 10 mm³ were grown from propanol–water mixed solvent by slow solvent evaporation technique. The crystal belongs to monoclinic system with noncentrosymmetric space group Cc. The lattice parameter values of GPA crystals are a = 18.453 Å, b = 7.609 Å, c = 12.592 Å and β = 121.856°. The grown crystal was subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD) study to identify its morphology and structure. Chemical etching study using propanol–water as etchant reveals the mechanism of growth. The formation of synthesized compound was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy analysis. Optical transmittance and second harmonic generation (SHG) of the grown crystals were studied by UV–vis–NIR spectrum and Kurtz powder technique respectively. The transmittance of GPA has been used to calculate the refractive index ‘n’ and the extinction coefficient ‘k’. The laser induced surface damage threshold for the grown crystal was determined using Nd:YAG laser. The mechanical behavior of GPA was analyzed using Vickers microhardness test.