Localization mechanisms and location methods of the disturbance sensor based on phase-sensitive OTDR

The mathematic models of the disturbance sensor based on phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) are established. On the basis of the models, the localization mechanisms of the conventional location techniques for phase-sensitive OTDR are simulated. The simulation results indicate that the frequency characteristics of the backscattered signal at disturbance region are different from other regions. According to the results, a novel location method relied on power spectrum analysis is described. The experiment is then conducted over a monitored length of 9 km with a spatial resolution of 100 m, which demonstrates that the described location approach can significantly enhanced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to 19.4 dB.