光子芯片中类比引力的研究

探索和理解引力场弯曲时空的本质一直是人类孜孜不倦追求的目标。尤其最近天文学上两大事件：激光干涉引力波天文台探测到引力波信号以及事件视界望远镜拍到黑洞的影子，进一步激发人类对古老而神秘引力的兴趣。尽管人类在探测引力现象的天文实验技术上取得了巨大的进步，但是对于有些引力现象的研究仍然面临着挑战，特别是与引力有关的量子效应。另一方面，类比引力系统为人类研究引力效应提供了一个新的实验平台，它可以在实验室环境下研究目前天文观测仍面临挑战的引力现象，例如黑洞附近引力场的量子效应。文章将介绍以光子芯片作为一种类比引力的实验体系而实现的引力场弯曲时空的模拟与研究。

Analogical gravitation on photonic chips

Exploring and understanding the nature of gravity has always been a human endeavour. In particular, two recent achievements in astronomy, the laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatory (LIGO), which has detected gravitational-wave signals, and the event horizon telescope (EHT), which has captured black hole shadows, have further stimulated broad interest in ancient and mysterious gravity. Despite the tremendous advances in experimental astronomy techniques for detecting gravity, the study of some gravitational phenomena still faces challenges, especially the quantum effects related to gravity. On the other hand, analogical gravity systems provide a new experimental platform for studying gravitational effects; they can be used to study in a laboratory environment those gravitational phenomena that still present challenges for current astronomical observation, for example the quantum gravitational effect near black holes. This paper introduces the simulation of various phenomena in curved space-time realized by photonic chips, which portray a good analogical gravitational system.