静电纺丝法制备复合纳米材料

经由溶胶-凝胶法过程,应用静电纺丝机原理,以聚乙烯醇(PVA)和无机盐(LiMn2O4)为前驱物,制备出了含有LiMn2O4无机组分的复合纳米纤维,为复合无机纳米纤维的制备方式供给了一条新的思路。实验中系统地研究了PVA的浓度对其所形成的纤维描摹特征的影响。PVA水溶液用于纺丝的最好质量分数约为8.0%。在实验过程中,随着PVA质量分数的渐渐增加,其所形成纤维的直径也随之渐渐增大,而溶液的黏度也在逐步增大,这就使得溶剂挥发变得越来越难,小液珠的表面难以构成理想的“泰勒锥”,电压过小,样品溶液无法纺丝,在针头处成水滴状落在针头下方。电压过大则会在纤维丝上呈现念珠形态,阻碍样品电纺时的形貌。实验表明,在施加18kV的高电压,默认机器的其它设定条件下,依托不同质量分数的PVA溶液可制备出三种不同的纤维。

Preparation of Composite Nano-materials by Electrostatic Spinning

In this paper, by sol-gel process, using the principle of electrostatic spinning machine, using polyvinyl alcohol (350 mesh), hereinafter referred to as PVA, and inorganic LiMn2O4 as the forebody, the composite nanofibers containing inorganic LiMn2O4 were prepared, which provided a new way for the preparation of composite inorganic nanofibers. In this paper, the influence of the concentration of PVA on the fiber tracing characteristics was studied systematically. A large number of literatures proved that the best concentration of PVA solution for spinning was about 8.0wt%. In the process of the experiment, with the increase of PVA concentration, the diameter of the fiber formed by it will also gradually increase, and the solution viscosity will gradually increase, which will make the solvent volatilization becomes more and more difficult, the surface of small liquid beads is difficult to form an ideal "Taylor cone"; The voltage is too low, the sample solution cannot be spun, and drops of water fall on the needle. If the voltage is too high, there will be a rosary shape on the fiber, which will hinder the appearance of the sample during electrospinning.