仿生无机纳米材料改造生物体的研究进展

在进化的过程中,生物体学会了利用材料来改造自身以适应环境的变化。自然界中的一些生物体可以通过生物矿化合成无机纳米材料为自己提供保护或其他特殊功能。但是自然界中还有部分生物体不具备生物矿化功能,受到自然界生物体利用纳米材料的启发,科学家们开始尝试通过人工赋予生物体纳米材料来对其进行改造。本文就基于生物-材料界面复合技术的纳米材料对生物体的改造,依次从调控机制、改造方法、功能应用等方面做了系统的阐述,重点介绍了通过仿生矿化对生物体进行纳米改造的研究进展,对仿生无机纳米材料改造生物体的领域现状做了分析和总结,并且对该领域的发展前景进行了展望。

Research Progress on Modification of Organisms by Biomimetic Inorganic Nanomaterials

During the course of evolution, organisms have learned to utilize materials to adapt themselves to changes in the environment. In nature, a few organisms can form inorganic nanomaterials through biomineralization, which can provide extensive protection or unique functions. However, some organisms do not have biomineralization ability in nature. Inspired by nanomodification of organisms in nature, scientists have attempted to modify the organisms by artificially introduction of nanomaterials. In this review, modification of organisms by nanomaterials based on bio-material facial composite technology are systematically elaborated from the aspects of regulatory mechanism, modification methods, functions and applications, and the research progress of nanomodification of organisms by biomimetic mineralization is highlighted. The current situation in the field of modification of organisms by biomimetic inorganic nanomaterials is analyzed and summarized, outlook for the future of the field is also prospected.