基于多光谱方法对山东海曲汉墓群出土漆盒类漆器研究

山东日照海曲汉墓群是2002年度全国十大考古新发现之一,该墓群共出土漆器约500件,具有较高历史、科学和艺术价值.漆盒是海曲汉墓出土漆器中数量最多的一类,具有造型精美的特点,代表着当时高度发达的髹漆工艺水平.切片显微研究揭示了该批漆盒存在漆灰层→底漆层→面漆(色漆和彩绘层)的髹制工艺特点,且具有较厚的漆灰层和底漆层.漆...

Multispectral Analysis on Lacquer Films of Boxes Excavated From Haiqu Cemetery During the Han Dynasties

The Haiqu Cemetery in Rizhao city, Shandong province, was one of the top ten great archaeological discoveries of 2002, where roughly 500 lacquerwares with high historical, scientific and artistic value were excavated. Most of them, lacquer boxes exhibit properties with complicated shapes and exquisite representing the highest level of lacquering craft at that time. According to the cross-section of lacquer film, a multilayer structure is observed, including a thick Qihui layer, thick undercoat layer and colored thin paint layer. Mercury sulfide (HgS) is employed as pigment for the red lacquer film and red pattern, and the Qihui layer uses clay and bone-ash as inorganic fillers. The FTIR diagrams show a strong homogeneity between the analyzed ancient lacquer film and simulated lacquer film produced by modern lacquer raw, and a significant difference about peaks at 400～1 000 cm-1 occurring in ancient-lacquer film corresponding to the infrared absorptive bands of quartz. UV-Vis absorption spectra reveal the absorption in the range 260～265 nm for π→π* transition K band with conjugated π system and the other absorption in the range 300～320 nm for n→π* transition R band of C═O bonds. The disappearances of the K band in some samples reflect the serious degradation for those samples, and the general enhancement of the R band reflects continuous oxidation occurring in these ancient lacquer films in long-term burial conditions. This research will benefit to understanding the characteristics of Han Dynasty lacquering technology and revealing the degradable properties of ancient lacquer film enlightening for their research, conservation and duplication.