双螺杆冻胶纺丝法制备有机液体吸附功能纤维及其性能研究

在聚合釜中合成了BMA/HEMA二元共聚树脂,利用双螺杆纺丝机、采用冻胶纺丝技术制备了有机液体吸附功能纤维,研究了单体投料比中HEMA质量分数对纤维各种溶胀行为的影响,利用动态热机械分析仪(DMA)对纤维的动态力学性能进行了研究,同时利用环境扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了纤维的表面和断面形貌.结果表明,HEMA引入大分子后,所得纤维对有机液体甲苯、三氯乙烯具有吸附功能,且吸附过程符合sigmoidal模型中的Hill方程;随HEMA质量分数的增加,纤维对甲苯和三氯乙烯的饱和吸附量增大,对甲苯和三氯乙烯的最大吸附量分别可达10g/g和21g/g;随HEMA质量分数的增加,纤维剩余率增加的同时,使纤维对甲苯和三氯乙烯的握持能力增强;HEMA质量分数对纤维动态力学性能有突出影响,特别是链段运动受其影响更为明显;HEMA质量分数对纤维表面和断面形貌均有显著影响,特别是当HEMA质量分数为15wt%时,所得纤维表面出现了许多空洞,其断面存在许多尺寸不均的空洞.

PROPERTIES OF AN ORGANIC LIQUID ABSORBING FIBER PREPARED BY GELATION-SPINNING

Resin copolymerized by n-butyl methacrylate(BMA) with β-hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA) was synthesized in polymerization kettle,and functional fiber absorbing organic liquid was prepared by gelation-spinning in a twin screw spinning machine,then the influence of mass fraction of HEMA in monomer feed ratio on swelling behaviors was investigated and dynamic mechanical performance of the fiber was analyzed by dynamic thermomechanmetry(DMA),finally the surface and cross section morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results showed that the fiber had the function of absorbing toluene and trichloroethylene after introducing HEMA into macromolecules,and the absorptive process obeyed Hill equation of sigmoidal model.Toluene and trichloroethylene absorbency increased with the increase of mass fraction of HEMA,and their maximum absorbency was 10 g/g and 21 g/g,respectively.The ratio of remaining fiber also increased with the increase of mass fraction of HEMA to make organic liquid retention ratio strengthen.Furthermore,dynamic mechanical performance of the fiber was affected by mass fraction of HEMA obviously,and the segments movement was influenced more obviously.At the same time,mass fraction of HEMA had a great impact on the surface and cross section morphologies,especially,many cavities existed in surface,and cross section had a lot of holes with asymmetric size when mass fraction of HEMA was equal to 15 wt%.