结构动力模型修正技术的发展

在计算机技术飞速发展之前，为了了解航天器在极端载荷情况下的力学行为，通常采用足尺结构星试验的办法.结构星试验方法用于结构的分析和力学行为预测，存在着耗资较大和周期较长的不足.随着数值分析技术的发展，用有限元分析结合模型修正技术代替大型试验已经成为可能.本文评述了自上个世纪70年代末期以来结构动力模型修正技术的发展，包括早期直接对总体矩阵的修正技术，还有从90年代初期发展起来的对矩阵元素或设计参数进行修正的技术.总结了元素型修正方法中的迭代法、优化法以及摄动法，其中包括考虑了试验误差的统计算法和大型复杂结构修正的遗传算法.介绍了模型修正技术中的自由度匹配技术、灵敏度分析技术和对模型修正方法的有效性进行检验的一些经验标准，归纳了目前模型修正技术还需要解决的一些关键技术问题. 

A SURVEY OF THE MODIFYING TECHNIQUES OF STRUCTURE DYNAMIC MODELS

Full-scale test method were used to find out the mechanical characters in spacecraft design. With powerful computers and the accurate FEM technology, this method seems too expensive and time-concuming. FEM analysis and model updating technique can to replace most of the full-scale test. So, this paper summarized the development of structural dynamic model updating methodologies since 1970s, including the matrix updating methodology and design parameters updating methodology developed from the early 1990s. Then, this paper discussed the iterative method, perturbation method and optimization method, emphasized the statistical method which takes into account the error of test data and heredity method which could be used in complex spacecraft structure. After that, this paper mentioned the freedom accordance technique between test model and analysis model, sensitivity analysis of eigen-value and the validation criteria of the updating results. At last, this paper presented some key questions that need to be solved in this field.