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Entire solutions of semilinear elliptic equations in and a conjecture of De Giorgi
Authors:Luigi Ambrosio   Xavier Cabré  
Affiliation:Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Piazza dei Cavalieri, 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy ; Departament de Matemàtica Aplicada 1, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Diagonal, 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Abstract:In 1978 De Giorgi formulated the following conjecture. Let $u$ be a solution of $Delta u=u^{3}-u$ in all of $mathbb{R}^{n}$such that $vert uvert le 1$ and $partial _{n} u >0$ in $mathbb{R}^{n}$. Is it true that all level sets ${ u=lambda }$ of $u$ are hyperplanes, at least if $nle 8,$? Equivalently, does $u$ depend only on one variable? When $n=2$, this conjecture was proved in 1997 by N. Ghoussoub and C. Gui. In the present paper we prove it for $n=3$. The question, however, remains open for $nge 4$. The results for $n=2$ and 3 apply also to the equation $Delta u=F'(u)$ for a large class of nonlinearities $F$.

Keywords:Nonlinear elliptic PDE   symmetry and monotonicity properties   energy estimates   Liouville theorems
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