Solubility of gallic acid in liquid mixtures of (ethanol + water) from (293.15 to 318.15) K |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials, Preparatory Institute for Scientific and Technical Studies of La Marsa, Carthage University, Bp51, 2070 La Marsa, Tunisia;2. Industrial Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, 1060 Tunis, Tunisia;1. Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cádiz, International Excellence Agrifood Campus (CeiA3), 11510 Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain;2. Technische Hochschule Nürnberg Georg Simon Ohm, Fakultät Verfahrenstechnik, 90489 Nürnberg, Germany;1. Institute of Materials Science & Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey;2. UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey;3. Department of Engineering Physics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, 34700 Göztepe-Istanbul, Turkey;1. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin University, China;3. Lionco Pharmaceutical Group, Haikou, Hainan 570100, China;1. Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, 2510 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States;2. Center for Renewable Carbon, University of Tennessee, 2506 Jacob Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6 – Dejvice, Czech Republic;2. Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6 – Dejvice, Czech Republic;3. Zentiva, k.s., U Kabelovny 130, 10237 Prague 10, Czech Republic;4. Department of Solid State Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6 – Dejvice, Czech Republic |
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| Abstract: | The solubility of gallic acid in (water + ethanol) binary solvents was determined from (293.15 to 318.15) K at atmospheric pressure using a thermostatted reactor and UV/vis spectrophotometer analysis. The effects of binary solvents composition and temperature on the solubility were discussed. It was found that gallic acid solubility in (water + ethanol) mixed solvents presents a maximum-solubility effect. Two empirical equations were proposed to correlate the solubility data. The calculated solubilities show good agreement with the experimental data within the studied temperature range. Using the experimentally measured solubilities, the thermodynamic properties of dissolution of the gallic acid such as Gibbs energy (ΔsolG°), molar enthalpy of dissolution (ΔsolH°), and molar entropy of dissolution (ΔsolS°) were calculated. |
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