渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲盐渍化地地物光谱数据分析

地物波谱特性是遥感技术应用的物理基础，是遥感定量分析的基础，地物波谱研究是遥感基础研究的重要内容，文章以新疆塔里木盆地北缘渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲为研究区，采用美国CID公司生产的CI700便携式野外光谱仪，通过大量的野外调查以及实地测点，分析了该绿洲盐渍化地区的几种典型地物(盐碱地、细沙地、沙丘、棉花地等以及柽柳、骆驼刺、芦苇等)的光谱特性及其变化规律，尤其是对盐渍化地和盐生植被的光谱曲线的差异做出了分析，并根据实际情况，采用移动平均法去噪进行了噪声去除，分析实测光谱数据噪声特征。同时利用导数光谱技术清除植被环境背景影响。最后，为了今后继续研究的方便，在对实测光谱数据进行处理的基础上，利用ENVI软件建立了小型的渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲主要地物的光谱库，该库可以为渭-库绿洲的地物调查，植被调查、植被分类和环境监测等遥感应用服务。

Spectral Data Analysis of Salinity Soils with Ground Objects in the Delta Oasis of Weigan and Kuqa Rivers

The characteristic of landmark spectrum is not only the physical base of remote sensing technical application but also the base of the quantificational analysis of remote sensing,and the study of landmark spectrum is the main content in the basic research of remote sensing.In the present paper,the authors adopted CI700 portable spectrum apparatus made in American CID Company,and investigated or examined some spots in the delta oasis of Weigan and Kuqa rivers located in the north of Tarim Basin considered as the typical area,based on a great deal of spectral data for different kinds of geo-targets,and the spectral features and changing law of saline-alkaline ground,silver sand ground,dune,cotton ground etc.Alhagi sparsifolia.,Phragmites australis,Tamarix,Halostachys caspica etc.were analyzed.According to the actual conditions,we analyzed the data noise characteristic of the spectrum and got rid of the noise.Meanwhile,derivative spectrum technology was used to remove the environmental background influence.Finally,in order to take full advantage of multi-spectrum data,ground information is absolutely necessary,and it is important to build a representative spectral library.The ENVI software was used to build the spectral library of surface features by field survey of the delta oasis of Weigan and Kuqa Rivers,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.This library can be used for features investigation,vegetation surveys,vegetation classification and environmental monitoring in the delta oasis of Weigan and Kuqa Rivers by remote sensing.The result of this research will be significant to the research on the saline-alkali soil in the arid area.