Fluctuation theorem and chaos |
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Authors: | G. Gallavottia |
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Affiliation: | 1. Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Università di Roma La Sapienza, P.A. Moro 2, 00185, Roma, Italy
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Abstract: | The heat theorem (i.e. the second law of thermodynamics or the existence of entropy) is a manifestation of a general property of hamiltonian mechanics and of the ergodic hypothesis. In nonequilibrium thermodynamics of stationary states the chaotic hypothesis plays a similar role: it allows a unique determination of the probability distribution (called SRB distribution) on phase space providing the time averages of the observables. It also implies an expression for a few averages concrete enough to derive consequences of symmetry properties like the fluctuation theorem or to formulate a theory of coarse graining unifying the foundations of equilibrium and of nonequilibrium. |
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