“NextView计划”与光学遥感卫星的发展趋势

美国国家地理空间情报局(NGA)发起的“NextView计划”是在“未来成像体系”(Future Imagery Archtecture,FIA)计划失败的背景下提出的。“NextView计划”由WorldView-1和GeoEye-1两颗商业光学遥感卫星组成。卫星的地面像元分辨力分别为0.5 m和0.41 m，是目前世界商业卫星中分辨力最高的两颗卫星。本文介绍了“NextView计划”项目实施的依据，描述了WorldView-1和GeoEye-1两颗卫星的技术指标、工作模式和特点，并对未来光学遥感卫星的发展趋势做出了预测，认为未来光学遥感卫星将向“更高、更快、更小、更准、更艳”的方向发展。

NextView program and progress in optical remote sensing satellites

The NextView program initiated by the National Geospatial-intelligence Agency(NGA) was put forward in the background of the failure of Future Imagery Archtecture(FIA) plan. The NextView program contained two commercial optical remote satellites, namely, WorldView-1 and GeoEye-1. With the GSD resolutions of 0.5 m and 0.41 m, respectively, both of them are the first two commercial optical remote satellites with the highest resolution in the world. This paper introduces the working objects of the NextView program and describes the technical specifications and characteristics of the WorldView-1 and GeoEye-1. It also gives the working modes of two satellites. Finally, it predicts the developing tends of remote sensing satellites, and points out that the future optical remote satellites will be higher, faster, smaller, higher precision and more colorful.