具有Weibull生存死亡特征的冷链品库存补货定价策略研究

建立了无限期内冷链品具有Weibull生存死亡特征、随机需求且受售价影响的库存补货定价模型,其中售价是连续变化的,需求率是售价的指数函数,变质率服从的三参数Weibull分布,提前期固定。系统以利润最大化为目标函数,在(r,Q)库存策略下,建立库存模型,采用直接法,对模型近似求解,得到最优补货定价策略。利用Matlab进行算例模拟和灵敏度分析发现:补货提前期和单位仓储成本对补货定价策略影响较大,二者增大会导致系统利润降低;单位处理成本的增加,在一定程度上使得系统降低最优补货量,使系统利润增加;保鲜期固定的前提下,受冷链品的流动环境因子和存储环境因子影响的变质率对补货定价策略影响较大,它的增大会使系统利润降低。这些发现能够帮助优化系统模型,对现实问题具有一定的指导意义。

Inventory Ordering and Pricing Policy for Cold Chain Itemswith Weibull Survival and Death Characteristics

An inventory ordering and pricing policy for deteriorating items which has Weibull survival and death characteristics and continuous stochastic demands influenced by price during an infinite time-horizon is discussed. In the system, the demand rate is exponential function of price while the deteriorating rate obeys three parameters Weibull distribution and replenishment lead time is a fixed variable. The objective is to maximize the system’s total average expected profit based on a continuous review(r,Q)policy. The Direct Approach-Taylor series expansion is applied which can avoid the complexity of solving stochastic differential equations to obtain the optimal strategy. Some conclusions are obtained by using the matlab and sensitivity analysis in numeric examples simulation. First, with the increase of the replenishment lead time and unit warehousing costs, the average profit is decreasing. Second, the increase of the unit processing costs affects the replenishment quantity within some limits, and eventually leads to the decline of the system average profit. Third, with a fixed shelf life time, the environment factors have negative correlation with the average profit. These discoveries are good for the improvement of the model and have certain guidance to the real problems.