Modes of decomposition of silver,lead and mercuric toluenedithiolates. A synthetic and analytical study |
| |
Authors: | T. B. Ktenas M. D. Taylor |
| |
Affiliation: | (1) Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 20001 Washington D.C., USA;(2) C/o Dr. A. Evangelopoulos, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48-Vassileos Constantinou Ave, 501/1, Greece |
| |
Abstract: | The silver, lead and mercuric toluenedithiolates were synthesised and analysed by both conventional chemical methods and thermoanalytical methods. The thermal decomposition was studied by thermogravimetric analysis in air, nitrogen and vacuum. The formulae of the decomposition products were derived using the mole weights and i.r. absorption spectra. The activation energies for the first stage of decomposition were calculated. The volatile products contain mostly carbon and hydrogen while the residues contain the corresponding metals either free or combined with sulfur.
Zusammenfassung Die Silber-, Blei- und Quecksilber-Toluoldithionate wurden synthetisiert und sowohl mit konventionellen chemischen Methoden als auch thermoanalytisch analysiert. Die thermische Zersetzung wurde durch thermogravimetrische Analyse in Luft, Stickstoff und Vakuum untersucht. Die Formeln der Zersetzungsprodukte wurden aus den Molekulargewichten und den Infrarot-Absorptionsspektren abgeleitet. Die Aktivierungsenergien für den ersten Zersetzungsschritt wurden berechnet. Die flüchtigen Produkte enthalten hauptsächlich Kohlenstoff und Wasserstoff, während die Rückstände die entsprechenden Metalle in freier Form oder in Form von Schwefelverbindungen enthalten.
![Rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1056.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![zcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1079.gif) ![yucy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1102.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![Scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1057.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![zcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1079.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![dcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![bcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1073.gif) ![ycy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1099.gif) ![chcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1095.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1099.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![khcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1093.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1082.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1076.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1076.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ucy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1091.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![dcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![bcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1073.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) , ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![tscy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1094.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ucy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1091.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) . ![Tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1058.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1079.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zhcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1078.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![bcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1073.gif) ![ycy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1099.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ucy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1091.gif) ![chcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![gcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1075.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1082.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![kcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ucy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1091.gif) ![ucy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1091.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![fcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1092.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1079.gif) ![dcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ucy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1091.gif) ![khcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1093.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) . ![Icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1048.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![pcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1100.gif) ![zcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ucy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1091.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1099.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![Icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1048.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![pcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1087.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![kcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1082.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) , ![ycy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1099.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ycy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1099.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![dcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![fcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1092.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ucy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1091.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![pcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![dcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ucy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1091.gif) ![kcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1082.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1079.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zhcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1078.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) . ![Vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1042.gif) ![ycy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1099.gif) ![chcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1095.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1101.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![gcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1075.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tscy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1094.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![pcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1087.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![dcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1076.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1079.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zhcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1078.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) . ![Lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1051.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ucy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1091.gif) ![chcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1095.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ucy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1091.gif) ![kcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1082.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![zhcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1078.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![gcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1075.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1099.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![bcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1073.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ucy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1091.gif) ![gcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1075.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) , ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![dcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![kcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1082.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![zhcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1078.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ucy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1091.gif) ![yucy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1102.gif) ![shchcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1097.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![mcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![vcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![bcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1073.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) ![yacy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1103.gif) ![ncy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![icy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1080.gif) ![lcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1083.gif) ![scy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1089.gif) ![iecy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/ph5k142830062560/xxlarge1086.gif) .
Abstracted in part from a thesis submitted by T. Ktenas to the Graduate School of Howard University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science. |
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|