Donnan equilibrium and the effective charge of sodium polyacrylate |
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Authors: | I Pochard J -P Boisvert A Malgat C Daneault |
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Institution: | Centre de recherche en pates et papier Pavillon Suzor-C?té, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières 3351, boul. des Forges Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7 Canada e-mail: jean-philippe_boisvert@uqtr. uquebec.ca Tel.: +1-819-3765075 Fax: +1-819-3765148, CA
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Abstract: | Osmometry using an external stressor is a very useful method to measure the equilibrium osmotic pressure for dilute solutions
of polyelectrolyte. By taking into account the contribution of the ideal gas law, the excluded volume, the solvency effect,
and the Donnan equilibrium effect on the measured pressure it is possible to estimate the effective charge of sodium polyacrylate
35 kgmol−1 as a function of the polymer concentration, the pH, the ionic strength, and the presence of Ca2+ ion. The numerical resolution of state equations has shown that the effective charge increases with the ionic strength or
with the decreasing polymer concentration, in agreement with recent theoretical models. On the other hand, the effective charge
is pH-independent. This statement remains valid as long as the degree of neutralization of the polyacrylate is over 0.5. Above
this degree of neutralization, any further neutralization promoted by NaOH addition leads to the condensation of the Na+ counterion, in agreement with the general concept of ionic condensation. The effective charge represents only 10–20% of the
total number of monomer units for pH within 6 and 9 and ionic strength below 0.1 M. The polymer can tolerate the presence
of Ca2+ at least up to a molar ratio Ca2+/–COOH = 0.222 without any influence on the effective charge.
Received: 11 July 2000/Accepted: 23 October 2000 |
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Keywords: | Polyacrylate Ionic condensation Effective charge Polyelectrolyte Osmotic pressure |
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