Grazing-incidence scattering—status and perspectives in soft matter and biophysics |
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| Institution: | 1. Forschungzentrum Jülich GmbH, JCNS-1, Wilhelm-Jonen-Str., 52425 Jülich, Germany;2. Forschungzentrum Jülich GmbH, JCNS-2, Wilhelm-Jonen-Str., 52425 Jülich, Germany;3. Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany;4. Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany;1. P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Science, Charotar University of Science & Technology, CHARUSAT Campus, Changa 388421, India;2. UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Mumbai Centre, R5 Shed, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India;1. Department of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany;2. Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany;1. ESS Design Update Programme – Germany, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany;2. Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Garching, Germany;3. Neutron Optics and Shielding Group, European Spallation Source AB, Lund, Sweden;4. Forschungs-Neutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz (FRM II) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, Technische Universität Mu¨nchen, Garching, Germany;5. Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, LLB, CEA—Saclay, Gif sur Yvette cedex, France;6. Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands;7. Amsterdam Scientific Instruments, Amsterdam, Netherlands;8. Zentralinstitut für Elektronik (ZEA-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany;1. Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany;2. Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States;1. Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Complex Matter, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;2. University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Jadranska 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;3. Jožef Stefan Institute, Department for Materials Synthesis, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;4. Nanos SCI, Nanos Scientificae d.o.o., Teslova 30, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;5. University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;6. University of Salzburg, Department Chemistry and Physics of Materials, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;7. Institut Laue Langevin, CS 20156, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France;8. Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | Investigating lateral structures of surfaces and interfaces from the mesoscale down to atomic resolution is of growing interest to modify, functionalize, and understand the behavior of materials in soft matter and biophysics. Grazing-incidence scattering techniques have proven to be very powerful for such kind of studies. Using X-rays and neutrons also buried lateral structures can be accessed in a non-destructive way. The large probed sample area provides a high statistical relevance of the determined structure information, and complex sample environments in combination with in situ and in operando experiments provide the full potential for gaining deep insights in structure formation processes. In the brief review, we reflect on the current state of the art of grazing-incidence scattering techniques using X-rays and neutrons, fields of interest, and applications in soft matter and biophysics, resulting in challenges and providing a short outlook. Owing to the already available literature on X-ray–based techniques, we will set a slight emphasis on neutron-based techniques. |
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| Keywords: | GISANS GISAXS GIS Soft matter Biophysics |
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