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Property correlations for dynamically cured rice husk ash filled epoxidized natural rubber/thermoplastic polyurethane blends: Influences of RHA loading
Affiliation:1. Department of Rubber Technology and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani, 94000, Thailand;2. Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück, Osnabrück, 49076, Germany;3. Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Surat Thani, 84000, Thailand;1. Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., D-01069 Dresden, Germany;2. Institut für Polymerwerkstoffe e.V., D-06217 Merseburg, Germany;3. Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaft, D-01062 Dresden, Germany;4. Institute of Chemistry, Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam;5. Polymer Service Merseburg, D-06217 Merseburg, Germany;1. Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hannam Universtiy, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea;2. Department of BIN Fusion Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea;3. Himalaya College of Engineering, Tribhuvan University, Lalitpur, Nepal;4. Department of Engineering Science and Humanities, Central Campus, Institute of Engineering, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal;5. Department of Semiconductors and Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea;1. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Fibre and Polymer Technology, SE–100 44 Stockholm, Sweden;2. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, SE–100 44 Stockholm, Sweden;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Polymer Group, Isfahan University of Technology, 84146 Isfahan, Iran;2. Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, 84146 Isfahan, Iran
Abstract:Novel thermoplastic vulcanizates based on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) were prepared with rice husk ash (RHA) filler. Therefore, two major renewable resource materials (i.e., ENR and RHA) were exploited. Influences of RHA loading on mechanical, morphological, thermal and dynamic properties of dynamically cured ENR/TPU blends were investigated. It was found that the RHA showed good dispersion and was mainly localized in the ENR phase. Increasing the RHA loading led to the formation of larger ENR domains dispersed in the TPU matrix. Also, migration of the RHA particles from ENR to TPU phases was observed, resulting in reduced strength properties. It was found that the RHA acted as a nucleating agent in the TPU matrix and could accelerate the crystallization of TPU. Additionally, stress relaxation of the blends was evaluated by temperature stress scanning relaxation (TSSR). Higher relaxation stresses or raised relaxation curves were observed with increased RHA loadings in the dynamically vulcanized ENR/TPU blends.
Keywords:Rice husk ash  Renewable resources  Thermoplastic vulcanizates  Epoxidized natural rubber  Thermoplastic polyurethane
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