稻瘟病菌粗毒素对水稻成熟胚愈伤组织生长和分化的影响及抗性筛选

利用目前稻瘟病不同的优势小种菌株的液体培养提取的粗毒素对水稻成熟胚进行处理，粗毒素液对水稻愈伤组织的生长及分化有严重的抑制作用，与对照相比差异性极显著；不同浓度的粗毒素提取液其作用效果不同，随着毒素浓度的增大或是作用时间的延长，水稻分化受到的抑制作用越强。水稻成熟胚组织培养中进行抗稻瘟病菌突变体筛选的毒素浓度在25％～30％较好；愈伤组织浸泡12～24h可以得到分化出苗。在愈伤组织上直接加上毒素并长时间处理对愈伤组织的生长有很大的破坏作用，每个愈伤组织滴加的毒素应小于2．0ml。不同的水稻品种产生的耐性不同，可以筛选出抗稻瘟病的突变体。

The Infention of Mature Embryo Callus' S Growth and Differention by the Crude Toxin of Phyricularis Oryzae. Cav and Blast- Resistant Mutant- Screening

Mature embryos were treated by crude toxin which was extracted from liquid of different physiological races of rice blast fungus,the inhibition effect of liquid of crude toxin on the growth and the differentiation of rice callus was significant. Contrasted with CK, the results were significant different, and the result was different with toxin concentration changing. With the increasing of the toxin concentration and the prolonging of impact time,the inhibiting was stronger.25 - 30% was the better toxin concentration when screening of rice blast- resistant mutant from the mature embryo culture;the differentiation rate of seedling was obtained by soaking callus for 12 - 24h. When adding the toxin to the callus and prolonging the treatment time, the growth of callus could be destroyed strongly, so the amount of toxin added by callus must less than 2. 0ml. The tolerance of different rice varieties was different,and the blast- resistant mutant could be screened.