Influence of inorganic scalants and natural organic matter on nanofiltration membrane fouling |
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Authors: | Chalor Jarusutthirak Supatpong Mattaraj Ratana Jiraratananon |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut''s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut''s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand |
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Abstract: | The influence of inorganic scalants and NOM on nanofiltration (NF) membrane fouling was investigated by a crossflow bench-scale test cell. Mathematical fouling models were used to determine kinetics and fouling mechanisms of NF membrane. It was observed that, with natural organic matter (NOM) at a concentration of 10 mg L−1, divalent cation, i.e. calcium (Ca2+), exhibited greater flux decline than monovalent cation, i.e. sodium (Na+), while solution flux curves dominated cake formation model, especially at high ionic strength. For inorganic scalants of polyanions, i.e. carbonate (CO32−), sulphate (SO42−), and phosphate (PO43−), solution flux curves were relatively fitted well with pore blocking model, possibly due to precipitated species formed and blocked on membrane surface and/or pores. For different divalent cations (i.e. calcium and magnesium (Mg2+)), calcium showed greater flux decline than magnesium, possibly due to higher concentration of precipitated calcium species than that of precipitated magnesium species based on the pC (−log concentration) and pH diagram. |
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Keywords: | Fouling Fouling model Inorganic scalants Nanofiltration Natural organic matter |
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