A Crystallizer for Growing Large Singe Crystals from Solution under Steady-State Concentration Convection Conditions

A crystallizer for growing large single crystals from solution under steady-state concentration convection conditions is described. The crystallizer has only one vessel divided by a drilled plate in two compartments kept at different temperatures. The convection of concentration occurs through the dividing plate between the compartments. The crystallizer was used for growing KDP and TGS single crystals. Mass- and heat transfer equations are derived. Growth rate calculations may be carried out using the derived equations. Growth rate measurements of KDP crystals have been performed. The overall heat transfer coefficient for the transfer of heat through the dividing plate is also experimentally determined. Light absorption, ESR and Mössbauer spectra have shown the presence of Fe⁺², Cr⁺³ and Mn⁺² ions in the (100) greenish zones of KDP crystals.