改进的双曲等效法用于双站合成孔径雷达前视成像

双站合成孔径雷达(SAR)前视成像有着很多的潜在应用,比如在能见度很低的天气实现飞机的导航和盲降,提高飞机飞行的安全度等.然而实现双站SAR前视成像的难点在于其距离历程的双根式性,直接采用驻定相位原理对其分解将得到复杂的解析式,从而后续算法的推导变得困难.现有的双曲等效法可以将双根式距离历程等效为单根式,但由于该方法为距离历程的二阶近似,当用于双站SAR前视成像时,由于其较大的前视角,未完全等效的距离历程高次项造成的误差已经超出可以接受的范围.针对以上问题,本文首先提出了一种改进的双曲等效法,该方法通过引入新的补偿变量来提高距离历程的等效精度;然后在此基础上推导回波信号的二维频谱解析式,并给出了一种适用于双站SAR前视成像的距离多普勒算法;最后通过仿真实验,将原双曲等效法与改进方法的等效误差以及成像结果做对比,验证了本文算法的有效性和优越性.

Focusing bistatic forward-looking synthetic aperture radar based on modified hyperbolic approximating

The conventional monostatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) shows a limitation if a forward-looking geometry is used. However, bistatic forward-looking SAR gives a good solution, providing a high resolution image in the flight path direction. Due to the fact that the range history of bistatic SAR is a double square root, classical imaging algorithm cannot be applied to the bistatic SAR directly. Also it is difficult to deduce imaging algorithm from double square root directly. The hyperbolic approximating method can transform double square root into single one, when being used in forward-looking geometry, and the high order term error is obvious and cannot be ignored. In this paper, we propose a modified hyperbolic approximating method, which makes a cubic term approximation and improves the precision, then we apply the new method to bistatic forward-looking SAR and deduce the bistatic point spectrum. Based on the spectrum, a modified range Doppler algorithm is proposed for focusing bistatic forward-looking SAR. Finally, numerical simulation is used to compare the original hyperbolic approximating method with the modified one for veridating the proposed algorithm and processing approach.