Characterization of macromolecular orientation in κ-carrageenan fibers using polarized Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, United States;2. Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States;3. Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States;1. Key Lab of Process Analysis and Control of Sichuan Universities, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, China;2. Hospital, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, China;1. Faculdade de Educação Ciências e Letras do Sertão Central, Universidade Estadual do Ceará Quixadá, CE 63.900-000, Brazil;2. Deparamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60455-760, Brazil;3. Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, CEP 68.505-080 Marabá, PA, Brazil;4. Universidade Federal do Cariri, 63000-000 Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil;1. Departamento de Física, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, CEP 64049-550, Teresina, PI, Brazil;2. Instituto Federal do Piauí, Campus São João do Piauí, CEP 64.760-000, São João do Piauí, PI, Brazil;3. Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, C.P. 6030, CEP 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil;1. Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | In the current study, polarized infrared (IR) microspectroscopy was employed to characterize the macromolecular orientation in wet-spun and stretched κ-carrageenan fibers. The fibers were shown to be well oriented by X-ray diffraction, suggesting that the κ-carrageenan molecules were generally aligned along the fiber axis direction. Longitudinal fiber pieces of about 10 μm thick were obtained by focused ion beam (FIB) micromilling. The fiber pieces were examined by polarized IR in transmission mode. Several bands, including those characteristic of κ-carrageenan at 845 and 930 cm?1, were polarization-dependent, demonstrating polarized IR as a useful tool to evaluate macromolecular orientation in carrageenan fibers. Band assignments were discussed by considering the general alignment of molecules and the polarization dependence of vibration modes, and our results agreed well with band assignments from previous reports. |
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| Keywords: | Macromolecular orientation κ-carrageenan fiber X-ray fiber diffraction Polarized infrared microspectroscopy Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Focused ion beam |
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