Use of Raman microspectroscopy to characterize wallpaintings in Cerro de las Cabezas and the Roman villa of Priego de Cordoba (Spain) |
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| Institution: | 1. Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, Carretera Nacional IV-A, km. 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain;2. Museo Histórico Municipal de Fuente Tójar, C/ Nueva, s/n, Edificio Polivalente Municipal, 14815 Fuente Tójar, Córdoba, Spain;1. State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Synthesis and Application of Waterborne Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China;2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China;3. Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan;4. College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University,5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China;1. Center for Computational Natural Sciences and Bioinformatics (CCNSB), International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 032, India;2. On lien from Department of Physics, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522 502, India;1. Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt;2. Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medinah, Saudi Arabia;3. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;1. Timber Construction Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain;2. Department of Forest and Environmental Engineering and Management, MONTES (School of Forest Engineering and Natural Resources), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain;3. Department of Forest Products, INIA-CIFOR, Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | The analysis by Raman microscopy of several wallpainting fragments found at an archaeological site in Fuente Tojar and in the Roman villa of Priego de Cordoba, both in southern Spain, revealed that the most abundant colours in them were obtained from the usual pigments of the time. Thus, red corresponded to red ochre, which consisted of hematite mainly. Also, yellow came from yellow ochre (goethite), blue from Egyptian blue, and grey hues were obtained from mixtures of coal and calcite occasionally also containing gypsum. The components of some pigments were confirmed by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. The two spectroscopic techniques were additionally used to examine the mortars and the preparatory layer present in the fragments. |
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| Keywords: | Raman microspectroscopy Wall paintings Red ochre Yellow ochre Egyptian blue Gypsum |
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