银河系移民轨道设计—第十届国际空间轨道设计大赛冠军团队总结

由美国喷气推进实验室(Jet Propulsion Laboratory, JPL)主办的第十届国际空间轨道设计大赛于2019 年6月落下帷幕,中国队伍首次在该赛事中夺冠。本届比赛在历史上首次以科幻任务为背景,需设计对银河系10万颗恒星的最优移民轨道方案。本文介绍了银河系移民的任务要求、引力模型和飞船机动模型,着重分析了赛题的评价指标。引入了树结构来表示移民方案,并对移民树初始分布的选取方法进行了描述,再对比介绍了正向和反向两种移民树生成策略。同时对竞赛中使用的移民树局部优化和拓扑重构等方法进行了简要说明,并在银河系星图中以树结构展示了冠军方案。对本届竞赛的意义进行了总结,得到了一些有益的启发。

TRAJECTORY DESIGN OF THE GALAXY SETTLEMENT-SUMMARY OF THE CHAMPION TEAM TO THE 10TH GLOBAL TRAJECTORY OPTIMIZATION COMPETITION

The 10th Global Trajectory Optimisation Competition hosted by Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) came to an end in June 2019, and the Chinese team won the championship for the first time. For the first time in history, this competition is based on the sci-fi mission, designing the optimal orbit to settle in 100000 Milky Way stars. This paper introduces the tasks, gravity model and spacecraft maneuver model of the Galaxy settlement mission, and analyzes the merit function of this competition specifically. The tree structure is introduced to represent the settlement solution, and the design method of the initial settler distribution is described. Simultaneously, the forward and reverse tree generation strategies are introduced and compared. The methods of local optimization and topology reconstruction of settlement trees used in the competition are briefly introduced. In the galaxy-s stars map, the champion solution was presented in tree structures. The significance of this competition was summarized and some useful inspirations were obtained.