Formation and characterization of different ceria/silica composite materials via dispersion of ceria gel or soluble ceria precursors in silica sols

Composite ceria/silica materials of 10 and 20% (w/w) were prepared by calcination, at 650 degrees C for 3 h, of the xerogels obtained by mixing the corresponding amount of a ceria precursor with freshly prepared sols of spherical silica particles (Stober particles) in their mother liquors. Two different ceria precursors were examined in this investigation. The first was a gel produced by the prehydrolysis of cerium(IV) isopropoxide in isopropanol medium, and the second was an aqueous solution of cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate. Different textural and morphological characteristics that developed by calcination were investigated by TGA, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and analyses of N2 adsorption isotherms. The results indicated that ceria dispersion and formation of mesoporous textural composite materials produced by the second precursor, cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate, are better than those produced by the first precursor, prehydrolyzed cerium(IV) isopropoxide. The results are discussed in terms of the effect of precursors and mixing media on nucleation and growth of ceria particles and their protection from sintering on calcination at the test temperature.