锂金属负极亲锂骨架的研究进展

随着电动汽车和便携式电子产品的快速发展, 人们对于高比能二次电池的需求越来越迫切. 锂金属以其极高的理论比容量和极低的电极电势被视为下一代高比能电池理想负极材料之一. 但是, 锂枝晶的生长及体积膨胀等问题限制了金属锂负极的实际应用. 在金属锂负极中引入三维骨架可以有效抑制锂枝晶生长, 缓解体积膨胀. 其中亲锂骨架可以降低锂的形核能垒, 诱导锂的均匀成核, 更加有效地调控锂沉积行为. 本文结合国内外的研究进展总结了锂金属负极中亲锂骨架的研究成果. 根据亲锂材料的不同对亲锂骨架进行了分类, 总结了各类亲锂骨架在调控锂沉积行为和提高电池性能方面取得的成果, 并对其今后的研究和发展进行了展望.

Recent Progress of Lithiophilic Host for Lithium Metal Anode

With the rapid development of electric vehicles and portable electronic products， high-energy- density rechargeable batteries have been strongly considered. Owing to its ultra-high theoretical capacity and low reduction potential， lithium（Li） metal is strongly regarded as one of the promising anodes for the next- generation secondary batteries. However， the formation of Li dendrites and volume expansion of Li limit the practical applications of Li metal anode. Introducing three-dimensional（3D） host in Li anode can regulate behavior of Li plating/stripping and alleviate volume expansion. The lithiophilic host can reduce the nucleation overpotential of Li， induce uniform Li nucleation， and effectively regulate the Li deposition behavior. In this review， the research progress of lithiophilic host in Li metal anode is summarized. The lithiophilic host is classified according to the different lithiophilic materials. The effect of lithiophilic host on inhibiting the growth of lithium dendrites and improving the performance of batteries is summarized， and the future research and deve-lopment are prospected.