介观尺寸金属点接触中的量子化电导

用三维-准一维-三维（3D-准1D-3D）模型，描述扫描隧道显微镜探头与金属间的点接触，研究这种微结构的电子输运特性．利用单电子近似和传输矩阵方法求解三维体系的电子波函数，并用量子力学方法计算电导，得出了以2e²/h和2×2e²/h为单位的量子化电导．对电导随收缩区的横截面积和延伸量的变化规律进行了研究 关键词：

ＱＵＡＮＴＩＺＥＤ ＣＯＮＤＵＣＴＡＮＣＥ ＩＮ ＴＨＥ ＭＥＳＯＳＣＯＰＩＣＳ-ＳＩＺＥＤ ＭＥＴＡＬＬＩＣ ＰＯＩＮＴ ＣＯＮＴＡＣＴＳ

Using a three dimensional-quasi-one dimensional-three dimensional model to depict the point contact between a scanning tunneling microscope tip and a metal crystal, by indenting the tip into a metal surface and then withdrawing we have studied the electron transport properties of the microstructure. By means of the single electron approximation and the transfer matrix method, we solve the Schr?dinger equation for this three dimensional system, and calculate the variation regularity of its conductance by quantum mechanics method. The variation of the conductance with constricting and stretching of the constriction is studied, and the quantization of the conductance in units of 2e²/h and 2×2e²/h are obtained.
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