Computational studies of EPR parameters for paramagnetic molybdenum complexes. II. Larger MoV systems relevant to molybdenum enzymes

The careful validation of modern density functional methods for the computation of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) parameters in molybdenum complexes has been extended to a number of low-symmetry MoV systems that model molybdoenzyme active sites. Both g and hyperfine tensors tend to be reproduced best by hybrid density functionals with about 30-40% exact-exchange admixture, with no particular spin contamination problems encountered. Spin-orbit corrections to hyperfine tensors are mandatory for quantitative and, in some cases, even for qualitative agreement. The g11 (g||) component of the g tensor tends to come out too positive when spin-orbit coupling is included only to leading order in perturbation theory. Compared to single-crystal experiments, the calculations reproduce both g- and hyperfine-tensor orientations well, both relative to each other and to the molecular framework. This is significant, as simulations of the EPR spectra of natural-abundance frozen-solution samples frequently do not allow a reliable determination of the hyperfine tensors. These may now be extracted based on the quantum-chemically calculated parameters. In a number of cases, revised simulations of the experimental spectra have brought theory and experiment into substantially improved agreement. Systems with two terminal oxo ligands, and to some extent with an oxo and a sulfido ligand, have been confirmed to exhibit particularly large negative Deltag33 shifts and thus large g anisotropies. This is discussed in the context of the experimental data for xanthine oxidase.