玉门稠油组分特征及其对结蜡行为的影响

为了研究稠油不同组分的特征及其相互作用，利用柱层色谱分离法、傅里叶红外光谱、差示扫描量热法（DSC）和偏光显微分析等表征方法及手段，对采自玉门油田的稠油样品进行了组分分离、分析，并对饱和烃组分结蜡行为的影响进行了研究。结果表明，稠油各组分相互作用可以有效抑制蜡晶的析出。饱和烃组分（A₁）中分别加入其他不同极性组分后，其结蜡行为与原油原始状态差异较大；A₁的析蜡点、析蜡峰温和析蜡量均有所降低。偏光显微分析发现胶质沥青质组分使A₁冷却结晶时的蜡晶颗粒数增多，尺寸相对减小，可以减弱蜡晶之间的联结强度，削弱蜡晶缔合而形成大块蜡晶聚集体的倾向。

Characteristics of Yumen heavy oil components and its effect on wax deposition behavior

The characteristics of components of heavy oil, their interactions and effects on the wax deposition behavior of heavy oil from Yumen oil field were studied by using chromatogram separation, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and optical microscope. The results indicate that the interaction between the components can inhibit the precipitation of wax crystal effectively. The behaviors of A₁ with different polarity components added are quite different from that of the heavy oil. The wax-appearing temperature, the peak temperature of wax-precipitation and the percentage of precipitated wax are decreased. The optical microscope analysis shows that the addition of resin and asphaltene to A₁ can increase the number of wax crystal particles and decrease their dimensions during the cooling crystallization process, which can prevent the particles from contacting and crosslinking each other to form bulk wax crystal aggregation.